Method of shaping metal bodies.



PATENTED JAN. 21, 1908.

R. W. HARDIE. METHOD OF SHAPING METAL BODIES.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 17, 1907.

wi tmaa a e o ROBERT w. HARDIE, or NEW YORK, N. Y.

JMETHOD OF SHAPING METAL BODIES.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 21, 1908.

Lilpplication filed June 17. 1907. Serial No. 379.527

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, ROBERT W. HARDIE, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of the city of New York, borough of Manhattan, in the county and State of New York, have invented a new and Improved Method of Shaping Metal Bodies, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact descri tion.

is invention ,relates toa method of shaping the bodies of metal receptacles, such as barrels, milk cans and similar objects, and has for its primary object to provide a simple and effectlve method of expanding a blank to a predetermined extent at different arts, so as to form a body having parts of'd' erent diameters, and when desired of different thickness or cross section.

A further object of he invention is to provide a suitable blank adapted to be used in forming said bodies.

Other objects relating to the method of roducing the s ecific construction of 'diferent vesselsbe' understood from the following description and accompanying drawings, in which similar characters of reference indicate similar parts throughout the several views, and wherein Figure 1 is a vertical section of a partly formed tubular blank having vertical corrugations of varying de th; Fig. 2 isa plan ofthe blank shown in ig. 1; Fig. 3 is a vertical section of the shell of a bilge barrel with the corrugations removed; Fig. 4 isa pers ective view partly broken away, of' a b ank showing a breast, 'neck and bowl partially formed; Fig. 5 is a perspective view p artly broken away of the blank shown in ig. 4, with the closed end of the neck portion removed and the uppei portion of the neck provided with corrugations of varying depth; Fig. 6 is a cross section of a milk can breast, neck and bowl, taken on the line 6-6 of'Fig. 7; andFig. 7 is a side elevation of the milk can breast, neck and bowl shown in Fig. 6.

In Figs. 1, 2, and 3 my invention is illustrated as ap lied in forming the shell of a barrel, and in the remaining figures as applied in forming the breast, neck and bowl of a milk can.

This invention is employed in shaping the shell of a bilge barrel .by' first providing a tubular blank 1 with longitudinal. corrugations 2. These corrugations are tapering and diminish gradually in extent from their bular blank 4, having a closed end 5.

central portion to their ends, the extent of the corrugations being proportioned to the extent to which it is desired to expand the blank in diameter. The corrugations may be formed by rollers having intermeshing ribs, or they may be stamped or otherwise formed in the blank. The length of the corrugations may be varied as desired so as to extendto the ends of the blank or to any point removed from said ends. In forming the corrugations the metal is stretched and reduced in cross section to any extent desired. If the blank is of uniform thickness the central portion thereof when corrugated will be thinner than the cross section of the outer portion of the blank. The central portion may, however, be made of the same thickness as the outer portion when stretched by making the origlnal blank of greater thickness or cross section at the center.

in outline, and forming therein by the ordinary drawing process and the use of dies, a tu- Tapering corrugations 6 extending longitudinally of the-blank are formed in the body portion 7 of the blank, and the blank then expanded by pressing or otherwise forcing the corrugated dome s a ed structure, such as shown in Fig. 4. The c osed end 5 of the blank is cut away,

and that end of the blank fluted to form corrugations, preferably taperin in the inner and outer surface of the blan as shown in Fig. 5, and the corrugated end of the blank then pressed outward to remove the corrugations and form a flaring bowl or mouth 11, as shown in Figs. 6 and 7. A plain annular surface is left in the blank between the corrugations 6 and 8. In such construction the plain portion of the blank forms a neck 10 By making the corrugations of greater depth at ortion of the blank outward into a which retains its original diameter and cross. 7

section, while'the bowl and breast are reduced in cross section due to the stretching caused in forming the corrugations. The method of expanding the end of the blank into a bowl or flaring flan e is especially ef- 5 fective, in that thereby all liability of splitting the end, and the expensive operation of spinningand its attendant annealing processes are avoided. By means of such 0 eration the neck is made of any desired thickness or cross section, regardless of the corresponding dimension of the breast or bowl,

and adapted to withstand any strains to I which it may be subjected.

The method herein described for stretching a blank is eflective, moreover, for the reason that as one rib of a roller or die meshes with two adjacent ribs of an opposite roller or die, said adjacent ribs form anvils or plates to support the blank, while the intermeshing rib of the other roller or die presses that portion of the blank intermediate said adjacent ribs into the recess between them, and stretches said portion inde endently of the balance of l the blank, t ereby guarding against unequal strains and fractures. The means employed for forming the corrugations and pressing or rolling them out when formed so as to expand the blank may be of any suitable character, and form no part of the invention claimed herein. Nor is the method or means for forming the initial tubular blank any part of this invention. A blank made tubular by any means or method other than that described herein may be used without departing from my invention.

Bodies o receptacles of various kinds may be formed by the method herein shown and described, that cannot be produced by the drawing or spinning processes now used,

And even structures now produced by drawing and spinning can be far more cheaply andquickly produced by the method described herein. In shaping the bodies of metal receptacles it some times becomes necessary to or properly spun into shape,as is the case in spinning the breast, neck and bowl of a milk can in one piece. Consequently, when the cans are in use the neck is too soft to stand the strain caused by jamming the covers into the necks, and the necks become stretched. Whereas by means of the process described herein spinning is unnecessary, and metal much firmer than that now used can be em- 5 the corrugated portion and reducing it in use soft metal in order that it may be readily ployed ,for such purpose, making the necks" thickness, then pressing out the corrugations to form a flaring flange.

2. The method of shaping metal bodies consisting in fluting the end of a tubular blank to form taperin corrugations, at the-7 same time stretching t e corrugated portion and reducing it in thickness, and then press- -ing out the corrugations to flare the end of the blank. Y

3. The method of shaping metal bodies consisting in corrugating the end of a tubular blank, forming other corrugations in the body of the blank spaced from the end corrugations, at the same time stretching the corrugated portions, then pressing out the corrugated ortions to form a flaring end and expanded ody with an intervening contracted neck.

4:. The method of shaping metal bodies, consisting in corrugating t e end of a tubular blank, forming other corrugations in the body of the blank spaced from the end corrugations, at the same time stretching the corrugated portions, then pressing out the corrugations to form a flaring end, an expanded body, and an intermediate contracted neck of greater thickness than the mean thickness of the body.

5. The method of shaping metal bodies consisting in forming tapering, longitudinal corrugations in a tubular blank, beginning ata oint removed from the end of the blank, at t e same time stretching the corrugated portion, and then pressing out the corrugations to form an expanded body having parts .100 of different diameters and a contracted neck having a greater. thickness than the meanthickness of the body.

6. The method of shaping metal bodies, consisting in forming longitudinal corrugations in a tubular blank at a point or points where it is desired to enlarge 1t, at the same time stretching the corrugated portion andthen pressing out the corrugations to expand' the corrugated portion of the blank 1n diameter.

7 The method of shaping metal bodies, consisting in forming lo 'itudinal corrugations in a partially formed lank, at the same timestretching thecorrugated portlon, and then pressing out the corrugations to expand the corrugated portion of the blank 1n diameter] j 8. The method of shaping metal bodies which consists in forming tapering'longitudinal corrugations in a tubular blank at a point or pomts where -it is desired to enlarge it, at the same time stretching the corrugated portion and then pressing out the corrugations to expand the corrugated portion of the blank une ually in diameter.

, 9. A tubular blank or use in making the circumferential seriesg p f corrugations which may be expanded into a flare, and having its beginning at the terminal of the plain porbody provided with longitudinal corrugations spaced from the end corrugations, and adapted to be pressed out to form an expanded body.

10. A blank for use in making the bodies of vessels by a stretching process, the body of said blank being provided with a plain portion, and a'body portion having a mean thickness less than that of the lain portion, and provided With longitudinaFcorrugations tion; the said corrugations being adapted to be pressed out to expand the corrugated portion of the blank unequally in diameter. 15

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

ROBERT W. HARDIE. Witnesses:

' HENRY E. MEAD,

ELIZABETH G. ENGLISH. 

